# What a score says about a person

Compares performance-based and descriptive measures, then asks what their construction permits us to infer.

1. [Lecture 13 - Why Are People Different?: Differences](https://oyc.yale.edu/psychology/psyc-110/lecture-13)
   Begin with a broad comparison of intelligence and personality so that they are not treated as interchangeable kinds of score.
   Task: Make two columns for performance tasks and descriptions of characteristic behaviour. Place three possible observations in each.

2. [Lecture 14: Intelligence](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/9-00sc-introduction-to-psychology-fall-2011/resources/lecture-14-intelligence/)
   The intelligence session makes testing and competing models explicit.
   Task: For one task, separate the response, scoring rule, proposed construct and causal explanation. State which steps need further evidence.

3. [Lec 16: Intelligence Testing](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/109103001)
   A dedicated testing lecture provides a focused continuation after the theoretical overview.
   Task: Invent a scoring rule for three harmless tasks. Explain what consistency would establish and what it would leave unanswered about intended use.

4. [Lecture 16: Personality](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/9-00sc-introduction-to-psychology-fall-2011/resources/lecture-16-personality/)
   Personality changes the focus from task performance to characteristic patterns and their assessment.
   Task: Describe a fictional person in two settings. Keep the observed behaviour separate from the trait inference.

5. [Lec 2: Research methods in personality psychology](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/109103598)
   Research methods must come before interpreting associations as explanations.
   Task: Sketch a design comparing repeated ratings. Identify the rater, context, time interval and one alternative explanation for an association.

6. [Lec 9: The five factor model and beyond](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/109103598)
   The five-factor account supplies one influential way to organise trait descriptions, without turning dimensions into fixed types.
   Task: Choose a broad dimension and two narrower behaviours. Explain how the same broad description could conceal different patterns.

7. [Lec 21: Stability and change of personality](https://nptel.ac.in/courses/109103598)
   Stability and change add time to the measurement question.
   Task: Describe what data could distinguish stable rank ordering from a change in the average level. State why a one-off score cannot settle either.

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